Equation for the design of electrocoagulation reactors with vertical ascending flow
Keywords:
Current, electrocoagulation, factorial experimental design, electrodes, fluid flow
Abstract
In this work, the experimental results for a vertical flow electrocoagulation reactor are compared with the predictions of a proposed design equation. The 2k experimental model was used to generate the sample space to examine the impact of the variables Number of plates (Np), current density (i), Number of modules (Nm), and electrodes separation (s) on the results of the design equation. Previous studies have examined the relationship between electrocoagulation and the hydraulic head losses of the system. In this study, the electric current density which we defined as the ratio between current intensity and the plate surface area, and the number of plates were analyzed to determine their influence on the design equation. The experimental analysis revealed that these factors are the more sensitive in the equation.
References
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[2] J. Rodriguez, Evaluación de reactores de electrocoagulación para el tratamiento de agua de purga de torres de enfriamiento, Master’s thesis, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (2014).
[3] J. Hakizama, B. Gourich, M. Chafi, Y. Stiriba, C. Vial, P. Drogui, J. Naja, Electrocoagulation process in water treatment: A review of electrocoagulation modeling approaches, Desalination 404 (2017) 1–21. doi:https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.10.011.
[4] P. Holt, G. Barton, C. Mitchell, The future for electrocoagulation as a localized water treatment technology, Chemosphere 59 (3) (2005) 355–367. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.10.023.
[5] M. Emamjomeh, M. Sivakumar, Review of pollutants removed by electrocoagulation and electrocoagulation/flotation processes, Journal of Environment Management 90 (5) (2009) 1663–1679. doi:https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.12.011.
[6] Piña-Soberanis, M.-D. A., C. González-Ramírez, F. Prieto-García, A. Guevara-Lara, J. García-Espinosa, Revisión de variables de diseño y condiciones de operación en la electrocoagulación, Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química 10 (2) (2011) 257–271.
[7] V. Khandegar, A. Saroha, Electrocoagulation for the treatment of textile industry effluent – a review, Journal of Environmental Management 128 (15) (2013) 949–963. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013. 06.043.
[8] O. Sahu, B. Mazumdar, P. Chaudhari, Treatment of wastewater by electrocoagulation: a review, Environmental Science and Pollution Research 21 (2013) 2397–2413. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-2208-6.
[9] D. Ghernaout, A. Alghamdi, B. Ghernaout, Electrocoagulation process: A mechanistic review at the dawn of its modeling, Journal of Environmental Science and Allied Research 2 (1) (2019) 1–17.
[10] D. Ghosh, C. Medhi, M. Purkait, Treatment of fluoride containing drinking water by electrocoagulation using monopolar and bipolar electrode connections, Chemosphere 73 (9) (2008) 1393–1400. doi:https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.041.
[11] A. Deshpande, S. S., R. S., Treatment of high-strength pharmaceutical wastewater by electrocoagulation combined with anaerobic process, Water Science and Technology 61 (2) (2010) 463–472. doi:https: //doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.831.
[12] S. Gelover-Santiago, S. Pérez-Castrejón, A. Martín-Domínguez, A. Montes-Brito, I. Villegas-Mendoza, Current density as a master variable in designing reactors, Procedia Chemistry 12 (2014) 66–72. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2014.12.043.
[13] O. Larue, E. Vorobiev, C. Vu, B. Durand, Electrocoagulation and coagulation by iron of latex particles in aqueous suspensions, Separation and purification Technology 31 (2) (2003) 177–192. doi:https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S1383-5866(02)00182-X.
[14] M. Mollah, P. Morkovsky, J. Gomes, M. Kesmez, J. Parga, D. Cocke, Fundamentals, present and future perspectives of electrocoagulation, Journal of Hazardous Materials 114 (1–3) (2004) 199–210. doi:https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.08.009.
[15] A. Golder, A. Samanta, S. Ray, Removal of cr3+ by electrocoagulation with multiple electrodes: bipolar and monopolar configurations, Journal of Hazardous Materials 141 (3) (2007) 653–661. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jhazmat.2006.07.025.
[16] K. Brahmid, W. Bouguerra, B. Hamrouni, E. Elaloui, M. Loungou, Z. Tlili, Investigation of electrocoagulation reactor design parameters effect on the removal of cadmium from synthetic and phosphate industrial waster water, Arabian Journal of Chemistry 12 (8) (2019) 1848–1859. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc. 2014.12.012.
[17] G. Chen, Electrochemical technologies in wastewater treatment, Separation and Purification Technology 38 (2004) 11–41. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2003.10.006.
[18] I. Villegas-Mendoza, Influencia de parámetros hidráulicos y fisicoquímicos en la eficiencia de remoción de sílice mediante un sistema de electrocoagulación, Master’s thesis, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (2011).
[19] S. Gelover-Santiago, S. Pérez-Castrejón, A. Martín-Domínguez, V.-M. I.E., Electrogeneration of aluminium to remove silica in water, Water Science and Technology 65 (3) (2012) 434–439. doi:https://doi.org/10.2166/ wst.2012.865.
[20] S. Gelover-Santiago, Ahorro de agua mediante recuperación de purgas en torres de enfriamiento a través de la eliminación de microorganismos, sílice y otras especies químicas, Tech. rep., Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua (2013).
[21] G. Sotelo, Hidráulica General Vol. 1, Limusa, 1997.
[22] T. Ostanina, V. Rudoi, N. Ostanin, E. Kosheleva, Calculation of current strength in reactor with combined anodes, Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 74 (2001) 338–340. doi:https://doi.org/10.1023/A: 1012763326465.
[23] H. Enríquez, El ABC de las intalacines el ́ectricas residenciales, Limusa, 2009.
[24] M. Kleidorfer, Uncertain calibration of urban drainage models: a scientific approach to solve practical problems, Innsbruck University Press, 2010.
Published
2024-04-24
Section
Artículos de Investigación
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